Everything about Kikai Caldera totally explained
is a massive mostly submerged
caldera up to 19 kilometres in diameter in the
Osumi Islands of
Kagoshima prefecture,
Japan. It is the remains of the ancient eruption of a gigantic
volcano.
Kikai Caldera was the source of one of the largest eruptions during the
Holocene (10,000 years ago to present). About 6,300 years ago,
pyroclastic flows from that eruption reached the coast of southern
Kyūshū up to 100 km away, and ash fell as far as
Hokkaidō. It had a VEI (
Volcanic Explosivity Index) rating of 7.
Kikai is still an active volcano. Minor eruptions occur frequently on Iwo-dake, one of the post-caldera
subaerial volcanic peaks on Tokara-Iwo-Jima. Tokara-Iwo-Jima is one of three volcanic islands, two of which lie on the caldera rim. The most recent eruptions have occurred in
2004.
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